A Privacy Policy With Explanations - 1473 Words

A Privacy Policy with Explanations Vail Trappings provides custom upholstery, draperies and blinds to the mountain community surrounding the Vail and Beaver Creek ski resorts from their retail fabric store in Edwards, Colorado. The website at www.VailTrappingsco.com educates visitors about their services and collects contact information for scheduling free estimates. A privacy policy on the Vail Trappings website serves three purposes: building trust with visitors, complying with applicable laws and minimizing liability. It tells visitors about what information Vail Trappings gathers from them and when, how they protect it, what cookies are used and how, third- party considerations, what laws apply to online privacy, and how to contact†¦show more content†¦Please read our privacy policy carefully to get a clear understanding of how we collect, use, protect or otherwise handle your Personally Identifiable Information in accordance with our website. When requesting more information or requesting a free estimate we ask you to enter your name, email address, mailing address, and phone number. We may use the information we collect from you for customer satisfaction surveys or marketing communications. Explanation Vail Trappings wants to earn your trust by being transparent about collecting PII. This is why we explain what PII is and specify the information we collect. Our goal is to build a relationship with you, so please expect future communications from us. Your initial website visit is only the first step and Vail Trappings appreciates the privilege of contacting you again. Section 2: Security †¢ We contain your personal information behind secured networks and only a limited number of persons have special access rights to such systems. †¢ We scan our website on a regular basis for security holes and known vulnerabilities in order to make your visit to our site as safe as possible. †¢ We regularly scan for Malware. †¢ We implement a variety of security measures when a user enters, submits, or accesses their information to maintain the safety of your personal information. Explanation We want to earn your trust and are

Realization of Inner Evil in Joseph Conrads Heart of...

Realization of Inner Evil in Heart of Darkness It was said by Thomas Moser that in order to truly be alive one must recognize the truth, the darkness, the evil and the death within (Moser, 156). Joseph Conrads novel, Heart of Darkness, goes very far to explain and prove this statement. During the novel the reader takes part in a spiritual and inner journey through Africa and the mind of the protagonist, Marlow. As a consequence of his newly gained knowledge and experience he is able to exhibit his understanding of life and recount his journey into Africa. The Heart of Darkness explores the idea of self-discovery and the realization of inner evil through the characters Kurtz and Marlow and through the exploration of the dark†¦show more content†¦Near the end of the novel Kurtz, who has acted as Marlows teacher, dies. His dying body can be seen as the very definition of evil in the world and in the human heart. Looking at the dying body, Marlow can see pride, terror, power, despair, desire, temptation and evil. Kurtz then sums up his whole existence by breathing the words, The Horror! The Horror! (Conrad, 112). In saying those last words Kurtz is confirming his realization of his own inner evil. To Marlow this realization is in itself a victory for Kurtz. The departure of Kurtz leaves Marlow to grope blindly and alone through the darkness of his existence (Dowden, 159). Marlows journey of self discovery begins with his assignment to travel into the heart of Africa in order to find Kurtz. As Marlow travels down the nameless river, his realization and education about himself and Kurtz slowly begins. On the river he is confronted by a wide variety of people who, to Marlow, seem dark and uncivilized. He even refers to the pilgrims as savages and hollow men. He is surprised by their lifestyle because they lack values and dignity. For two months Marlow experiences their lifestyle and he grows to despise it. He realizes that is he surrounded by darkness and the only escape is through experience and knowledge. At the close of Marlows journey of self discovery he finds himself in a conflict with KurtzsShow MoreRelatedCritical Analysis Of Heart Of Darkness1107 Words   |  5 Pages2017   Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚   Heart of Darkness Inner evil   Ã‚  Ã‚   Heart of Darkness, a novel written by Joseph Conrad, tells the story of a character named Marlow, who is recalling his journey to Africa down the Congo River to a group of seamen on a boat. Joseph Conrad’s characters are constructed around the ideas that were present in society when the novel was written. Kurtz and Marlow are created to be naive and to allow action to be the truest medium to characterize the cast in Conrad’s novel.   As Marlow posesRead MoreEssay on A Journey into Darkness in Heart of Darkness1439 Words   |  6 PagesA Journey into Darkness in Heart of Darkness      Ã‚  Ã‚   Joseph Conrad, in his story, Heart of Darkness, tells the tale of two mens realization of the dark and evil side of themselves. Marlow, the second narrator of the framed narrative, embarked upon a spiritual adventure on which he witnessed firsthand the wicked potential in everyone.   On his journey into the dark, forbidden Congo, Marlow encountered Kurtz, a remarkable man and universal genius, who had madeRead MoreEssay about Heart of Darkness989 Words   |  4 Pages The Real Heart Of Darkness Heart of Darkness is not only the title of Joseph Conrad’s novella, it is also a main theme. This is portrayed through different images of darkness, black and evil throughout his story. The setting is often used with images of darkness; even as Marlow tells his tale, it is night. This ‘darkness’ is inside many concepts of the novella such as Africa, women, black people, maps, the ivory trade corporation and Kurtz. Through these images on his journey, Marlow has a realizationRead More The Light-dark Metaphor in Heart of Darkness, by Joseph Conrad1960 Words   |  8 Pageshis narrative in Joseph Conrads Heart of Darkness, Charlie Marlow characterizes events, ideas, and locations that he encounters in terms of light or darkness. Embedded in Marlows parlance is an ongoing metaphor equating light with knowledge and civility and darkness with mystery and savagery. When he begins his narrative, Marlow equates light and, therefore, civility, with reality, believing i t to be a tangible expression of mans natural state. Similarly, Marlow uses darkness to depict savageryRead More The Characters, Setting, and Symbols of Heart of Darkness, by Joseph Conrad1780 Words   |  8 Pagesconfronts the brooding nature of his inner self.   Joseph Conrad’s novel, Heart of Darkness, is the story of one mans insight into life as he embarks on a voyage to the edges of the world. Here, he meets the bitter, yet enlightening forces that eventually shape his outlook on life and his own individuality. Conrad’s portrayal of the characters, setting, and symbols, allow the reader to reflect on the true nature of man. The two main characters in Heart of Darkness, Marlow and Kurtz are used to showRead More Restraint in Joseph Conrads Heart of Darkness Essay3965 Words   |  16 Pageshuman heads fixed atop posts at the Inner Station (Conrad 58). Restraint. The word is used time and time again throughout the text. Acknowledging restraint and the lack thereof in characters as the story progresses in Joseph Conrads Heart of Darkness is paramount to any understanding of the work. The storyteller Marlow first believes that restraint is what separates civilization from chaos and society from savagery. As his journey into the heart of darkness progresses, however, he learns thatRead More Revelation through Experience in Heart of Darkness, Going After Cacciato, and The Things They Carri3247 Words   |  13 PagesRevelation through Experience in Heart of Darkness, Going After Cacciato, and The Things They Carried Foreign lands seemingly possessed by evil spirits as well as evil men, ammunition stockpiles, expendable extremities and splintered, non-expendable limbs carpeting the smoking husks of burnt-out villages, the intoxicating colors of burning napalm, and courage mixed with cowardice in the face of extreme peril. These are just a few examples of the spell-binding images presented inRead MoreCharacter Analysis Of Heart Of Darkness1983 Words   |  8 PagesJoseph Conrad’s novella, Heart of Darkness, examines the mysterious Kurtz, and his struggling journey in which his psyche tries to maintain its state after transferring into a different and more mysterious environment. This change to the jungle from Europe altered the limits of his mind, causing his old European identity to be mutated. In accordance with this, his inner shadow battles to reveal his true self – a distinctive character itself that, being influenced by the ominous wild, exposes hisRead MoreEssay Joseph Conrads The Secret Agent4969 Words   |  20 PagesJoseph Conrads The Secret Agent: A Critique of Late-Victorian Gender Roles February 15, 1894, was the most interesting afternoon in the otherwise dreary history of Greenwich Observatory. Earlier in the day, Martial Bourdin, a skinny anarchist, traveled by train from Westminster to Greenwich, concealing a small bomb. As he ominously ambled through Greenwich Park, towards the Observatory, something happened - no one knows exactly what - and he blew most of himself to shreds. The British, whoRead More Marlow’s Metamorphosis in Joseph Conrads Heart of Darkness Essay3518 Words   |  15 PagesMarlow’s Metamorphosis in Heart of Darkness Conrads novel, Heart of Darkness, relies on the historical period of imperialism to illuminate its protagonist, Charlie Marlow, and his struggle with two opposite value systems. Marlow undergoes a catharsis during his trip to the Congo and learns of the effects of imperialism. I will analyze Marlows change, which is caused by his exposure to the imperialistic nature of the historical period in which he lived. Marlow goes to the Congo River to

Healthy Living For Homeless Families Health And Social Care Essay Free Essays

string(187) " upsets and lending to the increased prevalence of ill controlled diabetes, high blood pressure and cholesterin \( 10 \) , all good established hazard factors for Cardiovascular disease\." Chronic diseases are the prima causes of decease and disablement nation-wide. Populations with economic and societal unfairnesss are unreasonably affected by chronic disease, predominately fleshy and fleshiness. Statisticss have shown the incidence of all chronic diseases is higher for people in the two lowest-income groups than for those in the three upper-income groups ( 1 ) . We will write a custom essay sample on Healthy Living For Homeless Families Health And Social Care Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now Overweight and fleshiness are the major signifiers of malnutrition in stateless households ( 2 ) and mortality rates of the homeless in North America are at least 3-5 times greater than that seen in the general populations of Canada and the U.S ( 3 ) . Low income groups besides engage in more high hazard behaviours, such as coffin nail smoke, unhealthy diet, and deficiency of physical activity, than groups with higher incomes ( 1 ) . Interventions concentrating on the primary bar of chronic disease utilizing physical activity and nutrition instruction in the low-income population have been developed and reviewed in the yesteryear. These intercessions proved to hold successful result steps within participants, including an addition of fruit and vegetable ingestion, physical activity and healthy weight loss. There has been deficient committedness at the national, province and local degrees to implement policies and give support and resources to the enlargement of comprehensive primary preventive plans that deliver services to this alone population. Statement of Problem The intent of this survey is to find the effectivity of a community-based nutrition instruction and physical activity intercession plan to a low-income population. The intercession will be designed and facilitated by a Loma Linda University nutrition alumnus pupil. Workshops will be implemented in traditional group Sessionss dwelling of one hr each hebdomad for five hebdomads. Participants are enrolled in the Inland Temporary Homes plan in Loma Linda, California. Fundss for the plan will be provided by the City of Loma Linda through the awarded California Healthy Cities grant. Hypothesis: Will the nutrition and lifestyle intercession plan have positive wellness results of participants harmonizing to evaluated informations from pre and station intercession study ‘s and pre and station intercession trials? 90 % of the participants will go to all five workshops. 90 % of participants will reply more inquiries right on the post-test than on the comparable pretest. 90 % of participants will increase fruit and vegetable ingestion compared to their pre-intervention study. 90 % of participants will increase physical activity compared to their pre-intervention study. 60 % of participants, harmonizing to pre and station study consequences, will travel up one phase of alteration from baseline towards the action stage as evaluated utilizing the Transtheoretical Model. Null Hypothesis: There will be no difference between the pre and station intercession studies of the participants measuring the effectivity of the nutrition and physical activity intercession. Boundary lines: Boundary lines of this survey include geographical location, cost measuring and the rating of one workshop. Participants are limited to those of the Inland Temporary Homes located in Loma Linda, CA. The consequences of this survey may non be generalized to other locations or income categories. Four sets of workshops are offered to participants each twelvemonth. This survey will merely include the consequences from one of the Sessionss. Restrictions: Language and literacy barriers may be restrictions of the survey. This survey will be limited by the self-reporting truth of the participants. Specifically, participants will be asked to supply information on statements of their personal life style wonts, nutritionary, physical activity degree. Any inaccuracy of these self-reports may impact the survey consequences. The research worker has no control over who attends the workshop and how many abodes will take part during the evaluated workshop. Premises: The undermentioned premises are made: a ) the participants ‘ self-report on the study is honorable, accurate, and complete. Operational Definitions: Inland Temporary Homes: a non-profit organisation that provides lodging, rehabilitation, and ongoing support to homeless households throughout the Inland Empire. Transtheoretical Model: Assesses an person ‘s preparedness to move on a new healthier behaviour, and provides schemes, or procedures of alteration to steer the person through the phases of alteration to action and care. Chapter 2 Literary Review Population Background Homelessness is a quickly intensifying job in both rural and urban United States. Health jobs associated with homelessness documented throughout literature show that about 40 % of stateless persons are reported to hold some type of chronic disease ( 4 ) including increased rate of cardiovascular and infective diseases ( 5 ) along with inordinate rates of substance ( baccy, intoxicant and cocaine ) maltreatment ( 6 ) . Many of these instances, nevertheless, travel un-reported. In the United States, more than 50 % of the stateless deficiency wellness coverage ( 7 ) , doing diagnosing and intervention of their cardiovascular hazard factors even more ambitious. Overweight and fleshiness are the major signifiers of chronic disease and malnutrition in stateless households. Corpulent is defined as holding a BMI of 30 or greater and being morbidly corpulent is holding a BMI of over 40 ( 8 ) . Bing fleshy or corpulent is associated with many diseases and conditions such as: coronary bosom disease, high blood pressure, shot, malignant neoplastic disease, increased cholesterin and triglycerides, sleep apnea and gynaecological jobs ( 8 ) . Dietary Habits of Low-Income Population Homeless people eat nutrient prepared, by municipal and charity shelters, drop-in centres, fast nutrient eating houses, 24-hour convenience shops and from refuse bins ( 3 ) . Research suggests that because diets high in refined grains, added sugars, and added fats by and large cost less than healthful diets composed of thin meats, whole grains and fresh fruits and veggies, the low-income population has greater exposure to an unsanitary diet ( 9 ) . Calorie-dense, processed and nutritionally unequal nutrient points are easy accessible in low-income vicinities and more cost-efficient options to healthier nutrient picks. Devouring these nutrient points may lend to fleshy and fleshiness and lead to chronic disease in the low-income population. Datas on the nutritionary consumption of stateless population is slightly limited. However, most surveies report a high prevalence of inadequate or unbalanced food, vitamin and mineral consumption puting the homeless at hazard for nutrition-related upsets and lending to the increased prevalence of ill controlled diabetes, high blood pressure and cholesterin ( 10 ) , all good established hazard factors for Cardiovascular disease. You read "Healthy Living For Homeless Families Health And Social Care Essay" in category "Essay examples" Luder et Al ( 11 ) revealed that stateless people ‘ s diets are frequently high in concentrated fats and cholesterin and inadequate in indispensable foods, lending to adverse lipid profiles. Another survey of nutritionary position among a group of grownup stateless adult females found that recommended day-to-day allowances ( RDA ‘s ) were normally exceeded for Na and saturated fats, both of which are independently associated with increased cardiovascular disease hazard ( 12 ) . Intervention Programs Targeting the Low-Income Population Interventions concentrating on bar of chronic disease with purposes to change physical activity and nutritionary wonts have been developed and reviewed in the yesteryear. Outcome measures for these plans have shown an addition of fruit and vegetable ingestion, physical activity and fat decrease ( 1 ) . Intervention plans targeted at low-income audiences with the most successful results tend to be delivered in an synergistic ocular format, to be culturally appropriate, supply trim stuffs, administered in accessible primary attention scenes, and to give inducements to move on the information provided ( 1 ) . Nutrition intercession plans with successful results involved some signifier of nutrient readying and tasting ( 1 ) . The end of this attack was to turn to the 5 -A -Day message ( devouring 5 helpings of fruits and veggies per twenty-four hours ) with vibrant shows, while supplying participants with an chance to savor and smell alimentary nutrient samples in a comfy acquisition environment. Educators besides demonstrated easy and cheap ways to fix and function veggies and fruit, and provided participants with promotional take-home stuffs such as formulas, booklets, spines and magnets ( 1 ) . A gulf between diet and wellness among low-income groups calls for nutrition intercessions that educate low-income households on cheap, healthful feeding and chronic disease bar in a structured environment. This literature reappraisal will assist set up the principle for planning and implementing a nutrition and lifestyle intercession plan aiming the homeless population. The intent of this reappraisal is to detect and compare assorted methods of plans developed for the aforesaid population to better program and implement the intercession plan. Overview of Intervention Programs A figure of intercession schemes advancing primary bar and wellness have been intended to better the nutritionary position of the stateless population. Interventions ranged in a assortment of attacks from traditional group Sessionss taught by wellness professionals, peer-led workshops, one-on-one guidance and home-based telephone and mail intercessions to multimedia schemes and experiential activities such as nutrient presentations, educational picture and group exercisings ( 1 ) . One survey ( 13 ) implemented and evaluated an educational plan for female parents who resided in a homeless shelter. The aim was to better the nutritionary position of stateless kids ages 18 months to 6 old ages. Mothers ‘ cognition of nutrition was tested before and after plan engagement. Four lessons aiming the nutritionary demands of immature kids based on growing and development demands were designed and addressed by a registered dietician. Classs were offered over a nine moth period and each category lasted an hr. As an inducement to promote engagement, female parents ‘ who completed all four categories were given bus base on ballss for one hebdomad, and their kids were given a healthy bite. Subjects for the four lessons were: Benefits of Beverages, Building Strong Bones and Muscles, Healthy Meal Choices, and Nutritious Snack Ideas. Teaching stuffs, press releases, and category activities were developed in a low-literacy format. Teaching stuffs were visually appeali ng, with a assortment of colourss and images. Ocular presentations were used to demo the differences in fat and sugar in healthy and non-healthy nutrient points. Consequences of the intercession found that female parents significantly scored higher on each post-test than on the comparable pretest ( 14 ) . Theory of Framework The bulk of intercessions incorporated theoretical theoretical accounts or were guided by theories. Such documented theories included the transtheoretical ( phases of alteration ) theoretical account, societal cognitive theory theoretical account, the societal ecological model, the community intercession theoretical account, and the wellness publicity manner ( 1 ) . These theories were tailored to the participants ‘ conceptual adulthood. The Transtheoretical Model ( TTM ) will be used as a model for the intercession. Participants may be in different phases of the TTM throughout the plan, and the plan will on each phase of alteration so that everyone participating may profit. Nutritional Counseling in Intervention Methods of nutrition reding with behavioural dietetic guidance have proved good in increasing low-income grownups ‘ long term alterations in ingestion of fruit and veggies ( 14 ) . The combination of turn toing the importance of fruit and vegetable ingestion and its benefits to wellness with specific, individualized advice and short-run and long-run goal-setting proved to bring on alteration in this population. Steptoe et Al ( 14 ) compared brief nutrition reding with behavioural dietetic guidance in a primary attention puting. Each 15- minute audience was supported with written information, and an overall mark was to increase the consumption of veggies and fruit from baseline degrees. The nutrition reding group received instruction about the importance of increasing the consumption of veggies and fruit, and the nutritionary benefits were emphasized. The behavioural group was given reding tailored to each individual ‘s demands harmonizing to motivational preparedness, wit h personalized, specific advice and short-run and long-run end scene. Both methods of reding proven good in increasing low-income grownups ‘ ingestion of veggies and fruit. Incentives Incentives were used in many intercessions to promote engagement and/or straight affect results. Incentives can be used to increase engagement and battle in the acquisition activities. Surveies have demonstrated that low-income populations may profit from inducements such as nutrient vouchers to better the affordability of veggies and fruit, and therefore increase ingestion ( 1 ) . These surveies provide grounds that authorities attempts should concentrate on taking the barriers of cost and handiness of healthy nutrients by turn toing societal and economic factors that will extenuate wellness unfairnesss. Drumhead The reviewed literature provided positive results of step on ends of increasing nutritionary position and cognition of low-income participants. Nutrition intercessions aimed at low-income audiences tend to be delivered in an synergistic ocular format, are culturally appropriate, administered in accessible scenes, and give inducements to move on the information provided. Get the better ofing barriers refering to this population is of concern when planning this intercession plan. These barriers include low literacy, handiness, cognition and skill degree, and deficiency of clip and money. Experiential activities such as cooking presentations, group exercisings, and synergistic pictures have been used as schemes to turn to these barriers. Suggestions for polish of intercessions included: kid attention for care-givers and convenient timing of categories, integrating motivational factors impacting female parents ‘ abilities to use wellness publicity, and turn toing other factors other than instruction, such as life style, that affect healthy behaviours. Chapter III Methods The intent of this survey is to measure the effectivity of a community-nutrition intercession plan for low-income occupants take parting in the Inland Temporary Homes plan in Loma Linda, CA. Residence of Inland Temporary Homes will be take parting in a series of nutrition and lifestyle workshops. The plan is designed to increase the cognition of wellness and nutrition while advancing healthy life and feeding in a community of predominately low income households. Chapter III is an overview of the research participants, plan design and execution of the nutrition intercession. Survey Participants Participants of the survey are limited to low-income grownups ( ages 18 and older ) who presently participate in the Inland Temporary Homes ( ITH ) . Inland Temporary Homes is a non-profit organisation that provides lodging, rehabilitation, and ongoing support to homeless households throughout the Inland Empire ( 15 ) . Inland Temporary Homes is a nurturing place environment where households can emerge self-empowered with the cognition and tools to re-establish themselves in the community. Applications to inscribe in the plan are considered throughout the twelvemonth although infinite in the places is limited. Throughout their 60-90 twenty-four hours residence, it is required that each grownup complete certain plans. One of the plans is go toing the City of Loma Linda ‘s series of nutrition workshops. Engagement in the Nutrition Workshop depends on when occupants enroll in the ITH plan and managers facilitate who attends the five hebdomad session of categories during the twelve month. Nutrition Workshops are offered four times a twelvemonth to suit for new enrollees and to do certain each occupant gets the chance to take part. Past workshops have accommodated anyplace from three to fifteen participants during a given session of categories. Once occupants of Inland Temporary Homes have been rehabilitated, they re-enter back into the work force with their households. Many of the participants find lodging in Loma Linda ‘s North Central Neighborhood. Study Design The survey will be a formative rating research survey focused on run intoing the plan, behavioural and learning aims. Knowledge of nutrition and physical activity will be tested before and after engagement in the plan. Pre-and post-intervention studies will besides be filled out by participants. The intercession calls for a upper limit of 15 participants to go to a 60 minute seminar together one time per hebdomad for a sum of five hebdomads. Weekly seminars will be developed and facilitated by a current MPH/Nutrition pupil at Loma Linda University and tailored to increase consciousness and cognition of the importance of physical activity, increasing fruit and vegetable ingestion and schemes relevant to accomplishing a healthy diet and life style and cut downing chronic disease hazard. Incentives A alimentary repast will be prepared for participants at each workshop. Free nutrient is a great inducement for participants to go to the workshop. Free kid attention during the workshop will besides be offered to those who have little kids and cut down restrictions to go to. Participants will have a booklet consisting of reading stuff for each lesson program. Each hebdomad after the lesson, inquiries will be asked to the participants. If they answer the inquiries right, they will able to pick from a assortment of healthy nutrient options and awards. Participants will be able to maintain workshop stuff and booklets after go toing the fifth and concluding workshop. These inducements will heighten engagement within the population and attain attending throughout the full series of workshops. Meal Engagement A healthy and alimentary repast will be prepared for participants at the beginning of each workshop. Some repasts will include synergistic engagement from occupants. For illustration, a pizza crust along with shredded veggies will be premade and displayed and participants will be responsible to add veggies and low-fat cheese to their pizza. This battle of activity with the repasts will let participants to prosecute in merriment and healthy behaviours in a hands-on environment. Each formula prepared for category will be simple and easy to follow, low-cost and easy for participants to seek at their ain place with their households. Recipes for the highlighted repast will be given to each participant each hebdomad. Lesson Plans Each hebdomad a different subject will be covered. The subjects covered by hebdomad will be: 1. Introduction to the Food Guide Pyramid, 2. Reading a Label, 3. How to Shop in a Grocery Store, 4. The Basics of Cooking and Snacking and 5. Why Should You Trouble oneself with Nutrition? Videos will besides be shown during category as synergistic acquisition tools. Group engagement and treatment will be encouraged each hebdomad. This will give participants the opportunity to inquire inquiries, talk with each other, job solve and be accompanied by a nutrition pupil who can help them with any barriers they may hold sing the subjects. After each session, participants will compose down short term and long term ends they would wish to accomplish. The group atmosphere will promote participants to remain accountable of their ends. Data Collection and Procedures Measures and Interpretation Pre and post trial and studies will be conducted to mensurate and construe the effectivity of the intercession. The trials and studies will be administered in a manner so that the participant will remain anon. , but besides so the pre and station information can be compared on the same individual. Each set of studies and trials will hold a figure from 1 through 15 on the upper right manus corner. Each participant will randomly pick a set of documents and must retrieve the figure on their paper. Merely the participant will cognize their figure. A piece of paper will be handed out so that participants can compose down their name on the line matching to the figure they randomly picked. This paper will be kept in a safe topographic point in instance participants bury their figure. At so terminal of the intercession, studies and trials will besides hold Numberss 1 through 15. Each participant will be asked to make full out the study and trial inquiries from the paper with the same figure they had during the pre-survey and pre-test. This will let the participants to experience more comfy reacting to the inquiries without uncovering themselves to the pupil. It will besides let comparing ratings to be determined for each participant. Surveies will utilize simple footings and be easy to read. Surveys will give participants the ability to turn to what they would wish to larn from the category and how good the category was for them. This will let the pupil to turn to specific issues within the lessons. Participants will be able to measure how they felt about the category anonymously with the manager of Inland Temporary Homes, and the information will be directed back to the pupil research worker. Surveies ( see appendix ) will besides inquire participants sing ; how frequently they visit fast nutrient constitutions, how many times they eat inside the place, soft drink and intoxicant ingestion, fruit, veggie, whole grain, dairy and meat ingestion, if they read nutrient labels, how many yearss per hebdomad they engage in physical activity and preparedness for alteration. The study will measure their phase of alteration in conformity to the Transtheoretical Model. Participant ‘s phase will be measured at the beginning and at the terminal of the intercession utilizing two methods. Measured on a graduated table of one to ten ( one being least confident, 10 being most confident ) participants will be asked to mensurate their current preparedness to increase fruit and vegetable ingestion from baseline ingestion and their self-efficacy to accomplish this end. Participants will besides be asked to weigh the Pros and Cons of increasing fruit and vegetable ingestion. Precontemplation is the phase in which people are non meaning to take action in a six month period. In this phase, the Pros of fruit and vegetable ingestion far outweighs the Cons and self-efficacy tonss are low because they may be uninformed about the wellness benefits or held back by fiscal agencies or other grounds. Contemplation is the phase in which participants are meaning to alter in the following six months. In this phase, the Pros and Cons are more equal and self-efficacy mark may be mean. In the Preparation, Action and Maintenance phases, the Cons of fruit and vegetable ingestion outweigh the Pros and self-efficacy tonss are comparatively high ( 16 ) . The pre and station trials ( see appendix ) will inquire inquiries refering to the lesson programs throughout the five hebdomads. Trials will inquire consecutive forward inquiries and be of appropriate literacy degree. Test tonss will be measured to measure if cognition was gained as a consequence of the lesson programs. Ethical Considerations The IRB regulations and ordinances will be followed during the class of this survey. Participants will be informed that any information they provide in respects to studies and trials will be kept confidential and non attached to anything that will take to the designation of the person who provided the information. Information provided will non specifically place the supplier of information. The pupil research worker must be a Certified Food Worker in the county of San Bernardino in order to fix and manage nutrient decently for the workshops. Protocols There will be no prejudice refering to the research worker sing the population, category treatments or results of the ratings. All information from participants will be kept confidential and merely accessible to the pupil research worker who will analysis the informations. Pre-and post-tests and studies will be graded and consequences will be implemented into SPSS by the pupil research worker. Data Measurement and Analysis Datas from the studies will be entered into the SPSS plan and consequences evaluated. Pre and station trials will be graded manually by the pupil, and that information will be entered into SPSS for rating. To find the phase of alteration pre and station intercession, both the graduated table and list of pros and cons will be evaluated pre and station intercession by the pupil and entered into SBSS for comparing. The effectivity of the intercession will be determined by the consequences of the participants pre and station studies, trials, and rating of phase of alteration. Budget The City of Loma Linda with the fiscal assistance of the California Healthy Cities Grant aimed to better nutrition and the quality of life among the low income occupants of Inland Temporary Homes. The grant enables the City of Loma Linda to engage a pupil houseman from the Loma Linda School of Public Health, Nutrition Department as the Nutrition and Wellness Educator. The financess will patronize the workshops for Inland Temporary Homes. Annual Cost of Workshop ( For 15 Participants ) Forces Cost: -Student Intern $ 1,000 -Child Care $ 200 Supplies: -Prizes- $ 100 -Folders $ 20 -Printed Material $ 50 Food A ; Beverage: $ 800 Transportation system: $ 100 Facility: $ 250 Entire COST $ 2,520 Mentions Chaudhary N. Kreiger N. Nutrition and Physical Activity Interventions for Low-Income Populations. Canadian Journal of Dietetic Practice and Research. 2007 ; 68:201-206. Schwarz K, Garrett B, Hampsey J, Thompson D. High Prevalence of Overweight and Obesity in Homeless Baltimore Children and Their Health professionals: A Pilot Study. MedGenMed. 2007 ; 9 ( 1 ) :48. Jones C, Perera A, Chow M, Ho I, Nguyen J, Davachi S. Cardiovascular Disease Risk Among the Poor and Homeless-What We Know So Far. Current Cardiology Reviews. 2009 ; 5:69-77. Plumb J. Homelessness: attention, bar, and public policy. Ann Intern Med. 1997 ; 126:973-975. Schanzer B, Dominguez B, Shrout PE, Caton CLM. Home-lessness, wellness position, and wellness attention usage. Am J Public Health. 2007 ; 97:464-469. Chau S, Chin M, Chang J, et Al. Cancer hazard behaviours and testing rates among stateless grownups in Los Angeles County. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2002 ; 11:431-438. Burt MR. Helping America ‘s Homeless. Washington, DC: Urban Institute Press ; 2001. ( Statistics in this brief are based on the 1996 National Survey of Homeless Assistance Providers and Clients, conducted by the U.S. Census Bureau: 1996 ) . Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. ( 2008, 2009 ) . Childhood Overweight. Retrieved January 13, 2010 from hypertext transfer protocol: //www.cdc.gov/nccdphp/dnp a/obesity/childhood/index.htm Dammann K, Smith C. Factors Affecting Low-income Women ‘s Food Choices and the Perceived Impact of Dietary Intake and Socioeconomic Status on Their Health and Weight. Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior. 2009 ; 41 ( 4 ) :242-252. Strasser JA, Damrosch S, Gaines J. Nutrition and the homeless individual. J Commun Health Nursing. 1991 ; 8:65-73. Luder E, Boey E, Buchalter B, Martinez-Weber C. Assessment of the nutritionary position of urban homeless grownups. Public Health Rep. 1989 ; 104:451-457. Hu FB, Willett WC. Optimal diets for bar of coronary bosom disease. JAMA. 2002 ; 288:2569-2578. Yousey Y, Leake J, Wdowik M, Janken J. Education in a Homeless Shelter to Better the Nutrition of Young Children. Public Health Nursing. 2007 ; 24 ( 3 ) :249-255 Steptoe A, Perkins-Porras L, McKay C, Rink E, Hilton S, Cappuccio Fp. Behavioural reding to increase ingestion of fruit and veggies in low income grownups: randomized test. BMJ 2003 ; 326:885-861 Inland Temporary Homes. Available at: hypertext transfer protocol: //www.ithomes.org/ . Accessed February 13, 2010. Prochaska, J.O. , et Al. Detailed Overview of the Transtheoretical Model. Retrieved 11/06/09 from: hypertext transfer protocol: //www.uri.edu/research/cprc/TTM/detailedoverview.ht How to cite Healthy Living For Homeless Families Health And Social Care Essay, Essay examples

International Trade Operations

Question: Following on from the BRICs, the large emerging markets that were identified as key for future business development, Morgan Stanley dubbed Indonesia, South Africa, Brazil, Turkey and India The Fragile Five, potentially indicating that while they are emerging markets there is still a level of risk related to them..As a newly appointed export operations manager of a medium sized company manufacturing specialist electronic equipment for business customers, you have been asked to make recommendations to the Board of Directors on the operational aspects of dealing with emerging markets. Answer: Introduction Economic growth of a nation is boosted by the international trade. It must be noted that in 2010, the world had encountered vigorous growth in terms of global trade (United Nations, 2014). Various organizations are focusing on investing in the emerging economies in order to capitalize huge opportunities. The importance developing nations in terms of trade are significantly influencing the business operations of different firms across the world (Luo Tung, 2007). The leading multinational organizations are targeting emerging countries due to various reasons. First of all, the labor force is cheaper in the developing economies such as China and India. On the other hand, significant growth of middle income group has provided a huge market for international products and services. Increasing number of middle class has contributed in enhancing demand as they are known as consumer class. The logistics service in the emerging nation has been also developing in order to facilitate the interna tional trade operations (KPMG, 2011). Additionally, mode of payments is a important aspect which must be scrutinized by the investors in order to ensure sustainable growth through achievement of predetermined objectives of the international business integration. This paper will focus on discussing the operational activities of a company seeking to integrate its business operation in the foreign market. This paper will consider a medium sized business organization which is emphasizing on exploring the emerging markets as a part of international trade activities. The organization has been engaged into manufacturing of electronic equipments of business customers. Presently, the company ships its products to the developed nations of Western Europe. The management of the organization has decided to conduct its business activity in the Indian market. India is a developing nation with large potential for achieving sustainable growth (Grimwade, 2000). International investors can choose from wide range of business sectors which are booming in India. The market of electronic equipments is found to be rapidly growing in India as the growing population is becoming technology dependent. The export operations manager of the company has been recently appointed and asked to make recommendations regarding different operational activities in order to expand it in India. This report focuses upon iden tification of the important operational aspects in conducting international trade such as mode of transport delivery terms, mode of payments and credit period allowed to the business clients (Rugman Hodgetts, 2003). This paper will review different mode of transport and payment in order to choose the most appropriate one or alternatives for this business firm. Mode of Transport and Delivery Terms Transport and delivery of the products manufactured by the organization is one of the major operational activities. Presently, the organization has been delivering its products to the developed nations of Western Europe. Now the company has chosen to ship its products to the business clients in India. First of all, the major objectives of the logistics system of the company that will be responsible for transporting and delivering products to the Indian business clients must be identified. The company will focus on ensuring the following: Right product must be shipped to the business customers (Raven, 2000). The products must be reached at right quantity and assortment as per the order placed by the client. The product must be delivered within right time at right place in a good condition. The cost of transport and delivery must be minimized (Da Costa, 2010). Transport and delivery of the electronics equipments by the company must focus on fulfilling the above objectives in order to ship their products to Indian business clients. First of all, the available options of transport and delivery must be discussed along with the pros and cons of each system in order to identify the most appropriate option for the company. In order to choose the transport and delivery term, the following aspects needed to be considered: Valuation of the goods and decision on insurance Destination Special requirements of the customers Impact of the cost of transport and delivery on the overhead of the organization (Rugman Hodgetts, 2003). Viability of Road Transport: Road transport is considered to be one of the most flexible options for undertaking the operational activities of International trade in Europe. The motorway network is found to be very efficient and provide quick delivery option. Additionally, the cost of transport is comparative low and the company can easily schedule the transport according to its personal viability. Moreover, the transport procedure can be easily tracked by the company (Raven, 2000). However, in the given situation, it is not possible to deliver the electronic equipments with the aid of road transport as India cannot be connected through land. Hence, the option of road transport cannot be considered (Folsom, Gordon Spanogle, 2009). Viability of Sea Transport: Sea transport is another option which is widely used in case of international trade. It has been observed that when the clients do not impose significant pressure of fastest delivery, sea transport is considered to be one of the best options. There are two ways for shipping via ocean freight: full container load ocean freight (FCL) and less than container load ocean freight (LCL). In first type, the logistics partner will help in suggesting the size of container according to the volume as well as type of the product that needs to be shipped. The second type is used, when the exporter do not have adequate cargo for filling the container load. Hence, the exporter only needs to pay for the space utilized in the container. The rate will be dependent on the volume of the product. Additionally, another way is to use both sea and road transport for shipping the product. In this method, the cargo can be transported to the nearest destination through ocean freight and therefore use road to re ach the destination; this can be also cost-efficient for the company (Valentinov Chatalova, 2013). Insurance and Documents: Few things must be kept in mind while choosing the sea transport for delivering the product. The consignments needed to be protected with insurance. According to the maritime transport conventions, the company has certain insurance cover. However, it is advised to opt for additional insurance such as general cargo insurance. It must be noted that, in case of sea transport, the company needs to make sure the consignments are accompanied by Sea Waybill or Bill of Lading. It is very important as these documents help in understanding the terms of the contract of transport along with the name of the consignment owner. As this company will start its business operation in India, the clients will new. Hence, it is suggested that the company must use Bill of Lading as it permits the company to keep hold of the ownership of the goods until those re released to the customers. It is evident that significant risk is associated with releasing the goods before realization of the revenue unless the company is aware of the creditworthiness of the client. Hence, Bill of Lading will provide documentary security along with greater control over the consignments. Suitability of Sea Transport in This Case: The major advantages of sea transport for the company is, it will help in shipping large volume at lower price in comparison to the air freight. Additionally, shipping containers can be utilized for further transportation by railways or road. It is known that, India is well connected through railways. Hence, it will be advantageous for the company to adopt the combination of sea and road transport for delivering the products to the new business clients (Grath, 2008). However, it must be considered that there are some major disadvantages which need to be considered by the company while it is adopting the sea transport. It has been found that the shipping through sea is slower in comparison to other transport. Additionally, it has been found that the unfavorable weather leads to huge delay in the delivery. The timetables and routes of sea transport are not flexible. Additionally, one of the major issues of sea transport is, it does not provide easy option for tracking the shipment procedure. While sending the products to India, the company needs to bear the cost of port duties as well as tax. It is evident that further transportation must be carried out overland in order to deliver the product to the final destination. The basic freight rates of sea transport are reliant upon the fuel and currency surcharge (Hill, 2003). Viability of Air Transport: Air transport is the fastest at the same time most expensive mode of transport. In case of managing the operations of international trade, air transport is highly reliable. In order to choose the best mode of transport for the company, the major advantages, disadvantages and requirements must be analyzed. Insurance and Documents: The general cargo insurance is also applicable in case of air freight. For air transport, general cargo insurance has three levels: A, B and C. Additionally, the air transport may use the Institute Cargo Clauses (Air). Hence, the company must choose the insurance on the basis of the potential risk associated with the consignment. The Air Waybill is necessary for air transport as it is the contract between the business and the air carrier (Gov.uk, 2012). Advantages and Disadvantages It has been found that the air transport has various advantages for delivering product overseas. The principle advantages of air freight are the quick delivery of products over long distance. The customers demanding quick delivery need to opt for the air transport. Additionally, air freight provides high level of security for the sensitive products. Moreover, air freight can be used for wide range of goods. However, air transport has several issues which must be considering by the company before choosing the air freight as the mode of transport. It has been estimated that the air transport is associated with high cost in comparison to other options. Additionally, it is also not suitable for all type of goods. Sometimes, due to weather condition and some internal issues, flights are delayed or cancelled. Additionally, the exporter needs to pay tax for each airport used during the transportation of the products. It has been observed that the currency surcharge along with fuel cost is added to the cost of air freight. It must be considered that further transportation will be required from the airport to the final destination mentioned by the clients (Gov.uk, 2012). Assessing the two modes of transport ad delivery terms, it is recommended that the combination of ocean and road/ rail transport will be appropriate for exporting the electrical equipments to India. It will cost lower and appropriate for medium size organization for the new business integration. An appropriate freight forwarder must be chosen in order to manage this operation. Mode of Payment terms and Credit Period Cash in Advance: Cash in advance or prepayment is associated with almost zero risk regarding international trade payment. In this case, payment will be received by the company before delivering the product. In order to pay in advance, wire transfer and credit cards are considered to be the most common options (Da Costa, 2010). However, as the company is initiating its foreign operations in India, the clients will not be able to trust the company to make advance payments. This mode of payment will not seem to be attractive to the clients. Hence, the company can lose its market to the competitors. Hence it can be stated that cash in advance or prepayment is not a suitable option for this company expanding its trade activities in India (Folsom, Gordon Spanogle, 2009). Letter of Credit: Letter of credit is considered to be the most secure instrument which is available for the international businesses. First of all, the concept of Letter of Credit must be understood. Letter of credit is the commitment made by the bank on behalf of the client that the payment will be made to the exporter when the terms as well as conditions mentioned in the Letter of Credit are satisfied and it will be verified with the aid of production of relevant documents. The client needs to pay the bank charge for rendering this service to the international trader. It has been found that in India, Letter of Credit is a useful tool for making payment (Kumar, 2000). The reason is, it will be difficult for the organization to obtain all relevant information regarding the creditworthiness of the foreign client. But, when the bank takes the responsibility of the payment, the exporter can be ensured that if the documents are produced, payment will be received. It can be observed that the letter of cre dit helps in protecting the purchaser as they need not make any payment before the shipment of the product. Hence, it will be also preferred by the Indian clients(Da Costa, 2010). Documentary Collection: Documentary collection refers to the transaction in which the exporter needs to delegate the collection of payment to the remitting bank which will be responsible for sending documents to the bank of the importer. The amount received from the importer will b remitted to the company or exporter through the banks participating in the collection procedure and exchanging relevant documents (Zhou, Zhong Wahab, 2013). Document collection procedure uses a draft which is paid by the importer on face value on the specified date. The draft will give the instruction which will specify the required documents for transfer of title to the products. In this case, the bank will act as a facilitator. The cost associated with this process is less than letter of credit. However, this process does not offer verification and it has limited resource (Anna Wodyńska, 2008). Open Account Transaction: It has been found that in case of the Western Nations, the company has adopted open account transaction. In this case, the exporter will offer credit period of 30 to 90 days. It may seem to be the most advantageous option from the importers perspective. As the company is just starting its operation in India, the clients will be new and it will be difficult to allow the credit period. Hence, the risk will be high in this case. Later, this can be considered as the mode of payment (Folsom, Gordon Spanogle, 2009). From the above discussion, it can be stated that the letter of credit will be appropriate mode of payment for the company (Bergami, 2014). Later, the company can consider open account terms for payment in order to compete in the Indian market (Maria Sierpińska, 2011). Conclusion This report has provided an insight to the appropriate mode of transport and delivery along with the payment terms. It has been found that, for the medium sized enterprise, combination of sea transport and road/ rail transport will be suitable. It is advised that the company must ensure that the consignments are accompanied by Bill of Lading. Additionally, general cargo insurance is needed. In case of payments, it has been found that Letter of credit will be initially appropriate for the company. In order to deal with the competitors in the Indian market, the company needs to consider open account terms for offering credit period in order to attract the clients References Anna Wodyńska, A. (2008). Transactions Security Tools in Account Receivables Management.Contemporary Economics,2(1). doi:10.5709/ce.1897-9254.o48 Bergami, R. (2014). The Link Between Incoterms 2000 and Letter of Credit Documentation Requirement and Payment Risk.Journal Of Business Systems, Governance Ethics,1(4). doi:10.15209/jbsge.v1i4.91 Da Costa, G. (2010).International trade and payments. Mumbai: Himalaya Pub. House. Folsom, R., Gordon, M., Spanogle, J. (2009).International business transactions in a nutshell. St. Paul, MN: West. Gov.uk,. (2012).Transport and distribution for international trade - Detailed guidance - GOV.UK. Retrieved 31 January 2015, from https://www.gov.uk/transport-and-distribution-for-international-trade Grath, A. (2008).The handbook of international trade and finance. London: Kogan Page. Grimwade, N. (2000).International trade. London: Routledge. Hill, C. (2003).International business. Boston, Mass.: McGraw-Hill/Irwin. KPMG,. (2011).International Trade and Customs A global approach to grow beyond borders. Mexico: KPMG. Kumar, B. (2000). Letter of Credit Fraud.Journal Of Financial Crime,7(3), 251-254. doi:10.1108/eb025944 Luo, Y., Tung, R. (2007). International expansion of emerging market enterprises: A springboard perspective.J Int Bus Stud,38(4), 481-498. doi:10.1057/palgrave.jibs.8400275 Maria Sierpińska, M. (2011). Methods of Account Receivables Recover.Contemporary Economics,4(4). doi:10.5709/ce.1897-9254.o193 Raven, J. (2000).Trade and transport facilitation. Washington, DC: World Bank. Rugman, A., Hodgetts, R. (2003).International business. Harlow, England: Prentice Hall/Financial Times. United Nations,. (2014). Valentinov, V., Chatalova, L. (2013). Transaction Costs, Social Costs and Open Systems: Some Common Threads.Syst. Res.,31(2), 316-326. doi:10.1002/sres.2204 Zhou, Y., Zhong, Y., Wahab, M. (2013). How to make the replenishment and payment strategy under flexible two-part trade credit.Computers Operations Research,40(5), 1328-1338. doi:10.1016/j.cor.2012.12.013

Continuous Casting Investments at USX Corporation Essay Example

Continuous Casting Investments at USX Corporation Paper Do you think Kappmeyer should sign the proposal, and why? What pushed USS to stay with conventional technology? My recommendation based on analysis of the case and understanding the basic nature of disruptive technologies, and their impact on the general industry is that Kappmeyer should not sign the proposal. The main reason for that is USS is tying itself to an existing, but dying business model and technology. While this plan may make sense in the short-term, it does not have long-term sustainability. The market has already indicated that it is changing, adapting to minimills, and this trend would likely continue. As minimill technology becomes more sophisticated, their quality and other disadvantages would reduce and they would start competing with integrated manufacturing even in the high-end markets. Unfortunately for USS, there is no silver bullet. Since USS is already invested in the market, they will have to go through a difficult, and expensive, change, or they will end up perishing as the industry changes around them. USS current decided to stay with conventional continuous casting technology simply because they were looking at the shorter-term future, and was not willing to take the financial hit and risk associated with a new disruptive technology. Additionally, they were tying themselves to the requirements of the current customers, and ignoring potentially new users for the future. Did the USS team get the right answer to the wrong question? What if, rather than asking whether USS should install CSP in Mon Valley, Kappermeyer has asked whether USS should invest in or participate in this technology? We will write a custom essay sample on Continuous Casting Investments at USX Corporation specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Continuous Casting Investments at USX Corporation specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Continuous Casting Investments at USX Corporation specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Would you have answered that question differently than you did when the problem was framed as a Mon Valley issue? My recommendation was that USS should not sign this proposal, and that remains the same whether the issue is addressed with respect to Mon Valley or independently. The main reason for disagreeing with investing in the proven conventional continuous casting process is that it would only commit USS to an older technology going extinct. While it may sense in the short-term foreseeable future, for long term survival USS would need to embrace the disruptive technology. Looking at CSP technology only from the Mon Valley perspective is a mistake – the current plant puts a lot of restrictions on the project. If the technology and market is looked at independently from Mon Valley, then my recommendation would be more concretely recommend investing in a new greenfield plant based on the minimills model. It may also be practical for USS to house the disruptive technology as an independent entity. As the market and industry changes, minimills and CSP would mature to improve quality, and further widen the gap between themselves and integrated producers such as USS. Sooner or later, USS would have to modify its production and business models to survive the industry. If it does not do that right now, there is a good possibility that it will be too late. What are other decision alternatives? What are the reasons of choosing each alternative? What will these reasons look like in five years? The company should follow a combination of the following options to maintain long-term competitiveness: †¢Close Mon Valley: USS already has close to 25% of unused capacity. Currently (1990) they have approximately 14. 4 million tons of capacity. The Mon Valley plant would add another 3MM in capacity which is not necessarily needed. Maybe there is an opportunity to shift some (or most) of the orders from this plant to another plan, and even close this facility. In the worst case scenario, USS would loose $26. 3MM (%75,000 * 3,500 workers) for laying-off unionized workers. This number may be reduced if some of the workers could be relocated to an existing or a new Greenfield plant. Since USS is committed to invest in a continuous casting capacity at Mon Valley, this may be the only way to save $800MM investment, unless USS can renegotiate with the union. This plan would give USS some time and money to invest in one of the other options for CSP technologies. †¢CSP at Mon Valley: USS had investigated the possibility of adding 3MM tons of capacity in CSP at Mon Valley through three or four caster strands. While difficult, maybe more investigation can make this process feasible. CSP technology would bring USS closer to Nucor’s projected low costs, but not all the way there. This would still be a short-term strategy if USS decided to increase capacity, as there are other cost advantages that Nucor’s minimill production model still has. †¢NEW CSP greenfield project: Invest in new greenfield plant operating on similar models as the minimills. While this may not be very financially viable in the short run – given the success already enjoyed by minimills, it is necessary for USS to start shifting its assets in that direction for long term survival in the market. Through research and analysis conclude there may be the possibility to conclude that there will be ample demand and orders to pay back for this investment in conventional casting technology in approximately 10 years. Then they can consider signing this proposal, but keeping in mind that the disruptive technology would be improving at a faster rate. So as long as the disruptive technology does not catch up in 10 years, this may still be feasible. This may be hard unless USS can get customers to commit to long-term orders, and through more technical research conclude that Nucor’s lower product quality would prevent it from competing with USS’s products in the high end markets. oWhile this strategy may seem financially viable, it is not a long term strategy and should only be executed if USS can also follow one of the short-term strategies to pursue CSP technology. The question facing Kappmeyer at the end of the case is, What should USS’s next technological move be? Should USS take another â€Å"long shot† to leapfrog ahead of Nucor? Or should it â€Å"get on the ground† neck-to-neck with Nucor, employing a viable commercial technology as soon as possible incrementally improving CSP? USS would probably need to employ a combination of a long-term and a short-term technology strategy to remain competitive and survive the changing market. Ideally, USS should invest in research to take a leapfrog ahead of Nucor in order to redefine the market with its disruptive technology and set the new standard in its favor. But given the time that may require, it may not be possible. Competing neck-to-neck with Nucor employing a commercial technology may not be the best idea considering the rate of improvement of the disruptive technology is far higher than the rate of improvement of the proven technology. In fact, that’s exactly what the conventional continuous casting technology would have been. It would have given a short term incremental advantage to USS at best for the high end markets, but it would not be sustainable.

White Collar Crime essays

White Collar Crime essays In our society in America crimes can be separated into two distinct categories, white collar and blue collar crimes. White collar crimes consist of non-violent offenses that perpetuate cheating dishonesty, and corruption. On the other hand, Blue collar crime consists of refers to the visibly apparent form of crime that takes shape in the form of primarily violent offenses sometimes referred to as "street crimes. The treatment of white collar crimes verses blue collar crimes is unethical and there exists a disparity by the nature of the crimes and the social status of the criminal. White collar crime in our society often goes unnoticed in our society due to an apathetic nature toward crimes that do not physically hurt someone. Many people feel that blue collar crime is a larger threat in our society then white collar crime. In regards to white collar crime, Fraud and abuse costs U.S. organizations more than $400 billion annually (www.diogenesllc.com/whitecollarfraudstats.html). This loss is substantially larger then blue collar crime. Many people in this class have committed a white collar crime and probably do not know it; these crimes could range from borrowing computer software that one did not purchase to downloading copyrighted music off of the internet. To many people it is not a crime, but a way around the system. The nature of white collar crime is generally deemed as a nonviolent and can extend to some of the following areas such as: Bank Fraud, Black Mail, Credit Card Fraud, Forgery, Embezzlement, and Tax Evasion (ckfraud.org/whitecollar.html). The manners in which these crimes are committed are usually behind closed doors, with computers or telephones. By using these methods it is not visibly apparent of the damage that these crimes cause. The damage of white collar crimes affect everyone not just the victims. The victims of white collar crimes extend to everyone through higher retail pric...

Ethic and Morality Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Ethic and Morality - Essay Example To fully define the anti-nature concept, Nietzsche makes it clear that when one denies his own passion, then he is denying the reality. To him, the greatest and best moralities are those, which accommodate nature while the weakest are those who deny it. Particular, the philosopher state that an individual should have a free will to choose what he or she wants and nothing should control or trigger him to do something. In his concept of morality as anti-nature, Nietzsche stated how the extensiveness of morality and religion alter the human nature. Even though many people believe that religion provides a sense of direction in life, the philosopher strongly disagreed. According to him, following a religion means ignoring the nature of humanity since an individual is forced to act in a certain way that pleases the Maker. I disagree with Nietzsche since his argument opposes the religion and thus, discourages most Christians from reading. This essay supports Irish Murdoch’s philosoph y since he captivates readers’ attention with her adequate knowledge in literature and philosophy. Although both Nietzsche and Murdoch deal with the concept of morality in a similar way, there are differences on how the two present their argument. Nietzsche based his argument on a naturalistic perspective of how religion contradicts how humanity is responsible for controlling their given passions and nature. However, Murdoch includes religion in the equation of morality. He based his argument on morality without and with God thus allowing readers to understand his point of views (Jacobus 55). Unlike Nietzsche, Murdoch engages other people’s philosophies in great depth and further incorporates them in her discussion. Nietzsche uses deists’ intellectuals and gives no or little credibility to their experiences and beliefs. While researchers, scholars, and deists can think about other philosophers’ argument on the subject while reading Murdoch argument, Murdo ch creates a platform where readers can decline or accept her argument at any point. Based on how Murdoch presents her arguments, readers can think that the author has not yet concluded her argument but given her readers a free will to choose what they believe. Nietzsche does not take a psychological path to examine the virtue of duty or responsibility (Friedrich 405). Although both Murdoch and Nietzsche derive their beliefs about morality from nature, Nietzsche quoted that â€Å"each individual has the duty to carry out his passions. Just as modern moral philosophers were rediscovering the virtues, social psychologists were uncovering evidence of the church being hostile to human nature † (Friedrich 404). The moralities of being weak in life are discussed in the religious cloak and in this case, Nietzsche believes that the church is hostile to human nature. From Nietzsche’s argument, one can derive the fact that the greatest moralities are those that embrace nature wh ile the weakest deny it. At this point, Nietzsche provides readers with a system that can benefit human beings in life especially on love and hostility. However, Murdoch takes a psychological path and examines the virtue of responsibility or duty. At this point, Murdoch believes that fulfilling one’s duty towards nations, institutions, and others is virtuous deed outside religion. Murdoch continues to argue that dutifulness is in our human nature. It is crucial

The Management of a Student whose Standard of Practice is Cause for Essay

The Management of a Student whose Standard of Practice is Cause for Concern - Essay Example Although the standards of practice have been set by the academic setting, nurse educators and mentors can however find it difficult to fail students who are actually failing. Some of them often pass these students, sometimes, encouraging them to persist in their studies. This practice can however lead to various issues in nursing where incompetent nurses may be allowed to test their skills in the clinical setting. This paper shall critically explore the management of a student/learner whose standard of practice are cause for concern. This analysis shall include how the individual should be managed in terms of fitness for practice accountability, responsibility of the mentor and how this event would be documented. The implications of failing to fail learners who do not meet with the required standards to practice both personally and professionally will also be discussed. This study shall also consider when an action plan would be developed, whether or not I would get involved, and the assessment strategies which would be considered. This paper is being undertaken in order to establish ways by which the nursing profession can be whittled down academically and objectively in order to ensure that only competent nurses are to be allowed to practice. Body Undoubtedly, failing students can be a difficult and stressful experience for students and mentors. However, a nurse’s knowledge of one’s accountability as a mentor and supervisor and the complex process of crafting failing students imply that these decisions can still be made with utmost confidence (NHS, 2010). Mentors are considered gatekeepers because they guarantee that students who cannot comply with the standards of the practice are not allowed to enter the practice. The crucial stage of the assessment process seeks to protect the general public and the patients from incompetent nurses (NHS, 2010). Various concerns on how effective the gate keeping role is being carried out have been expressed by various practitioners. Failing to fail can have dire consequences to the general public (NHS, 2010). A 2004-2005 survey established that out of about 1400 issues of misconduct, poor practice was cited in majority of these incidents. Incidents of poor practice included errors in drug administration, inadequate record keeping, unsafe clinical practice, and failure to care for basic needs (NMC, 2005). According to the Royal College of Nursing (RCN, 2007), the mentor’s role is to generally offer support and guidance to the student and to help the patient understand the practice and to help him apply theory. The mentor’s role is also to assess, evaluate and provide feedback to the student; and to supervise reflective practice (RCN, 2007). These mentors are also tasked with ensuring that the students: are fit for the purpose of the practice, can fulfil the needs of registration, and have the depth of learning in order to be granted a diploma or a higher degree (RCN, 2007). These mentors are also considered positive role models and are there to assist students in gaining confidence; to promote professional relations with students; to assist appropriate supervision; and to offer honest, yet constructive feedback (RCN, 2007). The registered nurses’ role as a mentor is crucial because it ensures the protection of public health and interest (RCN, 2007). It is the responsibility of mentors to

Critically examine the abolition of doli incapax Essay

Critically examine the abolition of doli incapax - Essay Example however, this law was abolished in 1988 when the rebuttable presumption of Doli Incapax for minors between the ages of 10 and 14 was nullified by section 34 of the Crime and Disorder Act 1998 (CDA 1988). The presumption of Doli Incapax was that children below a certain age are incapable of guilt since they do not understand he implications and consequences of their actions, even if criminal in nature. After the abolition of Doli Incapax, there have been calls for England to increase the age of criminal responsibility for children. The abolition of the presumption of Doli Incapax effectively means that children between the ages of 10 and 14 can be taken to court, charged and found to have criminal responsibility (Gavadino, 1997). More recently, there have been hopes that CDA 98 abolished only the presumption of Doli Incapax but not the whole doctrine of the law. This came up in DPP v P (2007), where the question whether CDA abolished the underlying doctrine of Doli Incapax or the pres umption. However, this hope was later reduced by the Court of Appeal, who, in R v T (2008), held that CDA 1998 abolished the whole doctrine of Doli Incapax. It should be noted that England lags behind all other European countries at the age set for acceptance of criminal responsibility. In other European countries, despite the lack of a common age for criminal responsibility, all the other countries still have a higher age than in England. According to the Council of Europe’s Commission for human Rights, most of the European countries have a criminal responsibility age of between twelve years and sixteen of fifteen years. The low age of criminal responsibility in England does not also prevent the welfare approach to children over the age of 10 years. In this case, there have been myriad concerns that the abolition of the minimum age for Doli Incapax in England has given rise to more children being detained for small crimes and for longer periods than before the presumption wa s abolished. The Council of Europe for Human Rights also notes that if the presumption or defense of Doli Incapax were recognized in England, there would be more protection of children from small criminal actions and aligns the law in England with the laws in other countries. The efforts of the decision in DPP v P (2007) in trying to uphold the presumption of Doli Incapax were not enough to prove the existence of the presumption (Stone, 2010). Therefore, the subsequent decision of the Court of Appeal in the case of R v T was expected to a certain extent. Because of the defense of Doli Incapax being effectively removed, this analysis will focus on whether the presumption or defense of Doli Incapax should have been abolished initially, and if the government should be pressured by other groups to reinstate the law. This is done by tracing the concept of Doli Incapax, and the events that led to its abolition. The special treatment of children under law is not a new concept. In England, this defense can be traced as far back as the reign of King Ine in 688 AD through to the reign of other Kings between then and 925 Ad. For example, in 925 Ad and thereabouts, only children over the age of 12 would be prosecuted if the value of the stolen items were more than 8 pence. This indicates that the presumption of Doli Incapax existed from this period and lasted to the current abolition of the defense and presumption. However, it should be noted that in England at this time, there were distinct age levels at which the presumption could be upheld. Even though these age level structures could not be defined, it should be noted that there was a minimum age at which a child could absolutely not be prosecuted for crimes, where the defense was that the

Challenges Facing Facilities Management Departments Construction Essay

Challenges Facing Facilities Management Departments Construction Essay Within the coming years Facilities Management Departments (FMD) are going to be faced with a number of challenges and they will be expected to do a lot more with so much less. These challenges are mainly due, to the ever expanding business sector; this expansion has seen the emergence of new buildings taking place at much faster rate, than the refurbishment or demolition of other predated structures. But this is just the tip of the ice burger, as there are other pertinent issues facing the FMD such as: The rapid pace of change, changing technology, building automation, security issues, sustainability, aging buildings, geographic barriers, cultural differences and Environmental factors such as changing regulatory environments, rapid population growth and continued limitation of energy resources (IMFA 2007). So the need for the FMD to incorporate new technology, that utilizes Renewable Energy Sources to produce energy, and reduce the impact that aged buildings in particular are having on the environment is a high priority. The majority of these issues currently facing the FMD are not new, in fact they have been around for a long time, but have escalated over time, due to increased human activities. This is an exciting time to be a facility management professional. Although facility management professionals will face more challenges than ever before, they have greater opportunity to add value for their customers through efficient management and improved technology.'(IFMA 2007) INTRODUCTION Time present and time past are both perhaps contained in time future and time future contained in time past (T.S. Eliot, Burnt Norton, The Four Quartets) The aim of our FMD is to continue to provide a safe, comfortable and a well maintained working environment, for both staff and clients. By providing a full range of services which incorporates all of the latest technology currently available, these services are then executed by a an experience and well trained group of people who, are both loyal and committed to achieving all the goals set out by the financial institution. The practice of co-ordinating the physical workplace with people and work of the organization, integrating the principles of business administration, architecture and the behavioural and engineering science (Becker 1990) There are a number of new legislations and technological advancements that have emerged over the last decade, which has caused the role of the FMD to constantly evolve, thus requiring the development of both tactical and strategic methods, so that our goals can be achieved, so that we can have continued success in this technological developing world. The FMD is presently performing a number of services throughout this multi-national financial institution, such as but not limited to, maintenance, energy conservation, repairs, maintenance, security, information technology (IT), renovations, capital renewal, training, cleaning, customer services, workplace comfort, occupancy planning, business continuity planning (BCP) etc. So to properly prepare this years budget the FMD is suggesting that careful consideration be given to the following critical service areas: New legislations Energy conservation Capital renewal Workplace comfort Training Energy Conservation Climate change legislations There is a growing concern about global warming and the lasting impact its having on humanity and the environment. Due to this crisis the Global community has implemented a number of legislations geared towards the reduction of Carbon Dioxide (CO2) emissions, two (2) of which are the Kyoto Protocol See Appendix 1 and Copenhagen Accord See Appendix 2. Older building especially consumes a lot more energy than those that were recently built; due to this they are having a significant impact on the environment. So the need to reduce our CO2 emissions by reducing our dependency on Fossil Fuels by using technology that uses Renewable Energy Sources to produce clean energy. Add a little more Buildings have a significant impact on energy use and the environment. Commercial and residential buildings use almost 40% of the primary energy and approximately 70% of the electricity in the United States (EIA 2005) Capital Renewal Replacement of outdated equipment, buildings etc. This is an important process which the FMD have already begun to implement, mainly because the buildings that we presently occupy are in excess of ten (10) years old, making both the HVAC and lighting systems inefficient and obsolete. Because of this they are the two (2) of the largest consumers of energy, simply because they are both required building components and are essential mechanisms for occupants comfort. These technological upgrades off all outdated equipment, coupled with the installation of Energy Management Control Systems (EMCS) and electrical meters, throughout our institutions, are all geared towards reducing our energy demands. This will enable us to reduce our CO2 emissions and conform to all Climate Change Legislations, with the eventual aim of reducing our overall electrical bills. Workplace Comfort Customer Services No employers would like to be on the wrong side of the law, and because of this they are obligated to ensure that the health, safety and welfare of their all employees are adhered to under Section 2 of the Health and Safety at Work etc. Act 1974 (HSW which states that employers should: Providing safe equipment and working practices Ensuring safe handling, storage and transportation of goods and substances Providing information, training and supervision Providing a safe place of work with safe access and egress Providing a safe working environment and facilities So ensuring that all our staffs needs are met and taken care in a timely manner is of utmost importance. Due to the fact that our staff can be considered like a persons heart in that, they are a vital part of the institution and without them we will cease to exist. Add a little more Training This is an integral part of any institution given that technology changes on a daily basis, so every effort should be to insure that each member of staff is kept update with all of the latest technology. As is customary with all recessionary periods it does not last forever, so by keeping abreast of all advance technology, we will not only be gaining an advantage over all of our competitors, but also the advance knowledge needed for our continued sustenance when this period of economic down turn comes to an end. Add a little more Future Challenges So what does the future hold for us as a FMD will apart from being constantly referred to as the Jack of All Trades? what and where we are most liking heading in the future is best summed up by in the following: The future workplace will bring with it a number of distinct priorities. More attempts to make flexible working a reality are likely, requiring improved IT and communications infrastructures. The expansion of a 24/7 work culture will necessitate non-stop support facilities, with consequent outsourcing, contract and health and safety considerations needing to be taken into account. Public Private Partnership (PPP) and private Finance Initiative (PFI) deals and economic pressures will push facilities professionals towards more benchmarking, more cost-benefit analysis and more performance measurement. The tightening of building regulations and particularly the introduction of Part L [the manifestation of the European Unions Energy Performance of Buildings Directive (EPBD)] is having enormous ramifications for energy efficiency and the built environment. Buildings account for an estimated 40 per cent of all world resource consumption and over 40 per cent of all waste, including greenhouse gas emissions. EPBD is designed to increase the energy efficiency of all buildings by more than 20 per cent. A key point is whether anyone will want to rent or own an F-rated building instead of an A or B one. All these developments should give facilities managers a fresh impetus to making their voices heard by senior management in the times ahead. Facilities for businesses in the future will have to be more flexible and more streamlined than ever before. Managers will need to exploit growing communication opportunities and facilitate an ever-widening range of support services. Facilities managers need to become more professional and business oriented. They must develop a performance profile that is committed to the needs of their organization. Facilities managers need a variety of skills, as all organizations are different, but all should aim to gain the attention of the board and not just be visible when something goes wrong. It is one of the most challenging professions to conquer. The key point to be made, touching on an earlier comment, is that facilities managers are indeed the stewards of the built environment. (Frank Booty) Recommendations The present economic climate dictates that once this recession period is over, the FMD would more than likely take a lot longer to recover, already having to survive throughout this time by implementing both tactical and strategic methods and now having to deal with budget cuts all in the same time is quite a lot for any FMD. So before any FMD budget reductions should take place, there are a number of options open for us to consider before any final decision is made on the budget, some of which are: Why dont we look at saving instead of cutting, for instance upon completion of all the capital renewal projects which are presently on stream, a major reduction would be seen throughout all off the institutions electrical bills, but for this to happen all ongoing projects needs to be completed in as timely a manner a feasible possible. Given that most of our noncore service labour is outsourced, we should consider coming up with some sort of partnership agreement, with if not all most of our service provides so as to generate new and innovative ways of reducing our over head expenditure. So taking into consideration all of the pertinent point discussed trimming of the FMD at this time would be unwise, given that heavy fines would be imposed upon any organization / institution not conforming to the new legislations for CO2 emission reduction. Given the current economic climate we are presently facing, and having to deal with all the challenges that comes accompany an economic slowdown, and at the same time, maintaining our vision as being the premier financial choice to both our employees and prospected clients should be of concern. For this reason the following should be noted: Addressing the trends presented here-through consideration, education and preparation-will arm facility management professionals with the necessary tools required to face the challenges ahead. In stable conditions managers can plan with greater certainty and are able to identify significant and longer term issues for which they can easily prepare. However, in a prevailing climate of uncertainty and change, and with the need to respond quickly to unforeseen circumstances, managers need to develop approaches that enable them to foresee future challenges, envisage the impact on the organisations and communities in which they work and develop the strategies and competencies needed to retain an advantage. This is an opportunity for the FMD to utilize whatever little resources they currently have at their disposal, to provide their staff and customers with as wide a service range as possible so as to fulfill all their present needs.

The Impact Of Ethics On The Enron Corporation Essay -- Business Ethics

Ethics is something that is very important to have especially in the business world. Ethics is the unwritten laws or rules defined by human nature; ethics is something people encounter as a child learning the differences between right and wrong. In 2001, Enron was the fifth largest company on the Fortune 500. Enron was also the market leader in energy production, distribution, and trading. However, Enron's unethical accounting practices have left the company in joint chapter 11 bankruptcy. This bankruptcy has caused many problems among many individuals. Enron's employees and retirees are suffering because of the bankruptcy. Wall Street and investors have taken a major downturn do to the company's unethical practices. Enron's competitors and the industry have also both been affected by the bankruptcy. The U.S. economy took a sudden downturn for the worse, do to just this one company's unethical behavior. Employees Ethical decisions are guided by the underlying values of the individual. "Values are principles of conduct such as caring, honesty, keeping of promises, pursuit of excellence, loyalty, fairness, integrity, respect for others, and responsible citizenship" (Bateman, 2004). Numerous employees lost their jobs and retirement funds because of Enron's bankruptcy situation. While top executives were cashing in their stock options, knowing the company was going to fall, employees and shareholders were the ones who would take the biggest hit. One of Enron's principles was to offer their employees fair compensation through wages and other benefits; yet that did not end up being the case. While executives were selling their stock options, employees were going to be losing the money in their 401K policies since most of the emplo... ...volume (9), p. 29. Retrieved September 20, 2005, from Proquest database. Enron's Missed Opportunity. Retrieved September 19, 2005 from, http://brie.berkeley.edu/~briewww/publications/WP152.pdf Flood, M. (2005, April 26). The Fall of Enron. Houston Chronicle. Retrieved September 19, 2005 from http://www.chron.com/cs/CDA/ssistory.mpl/special/enron/broadband/3153199 Kadlec, Daniel. (2002, January 13) Enron: Who's Accountable? Retrieved on September 23, 2005, from http://www.time.com/time/business/article/0,8599,193520,00.html Lashinsky, A. (2001, July 13) Enron's Own Dot-Com Bubble Finally Popped. The Street. Retrieved September 19, 2005 from http://www.thestreet.com/comment/siliconstreet/1489696.html Malveaux, J., (2002). Enron serves as wake-up call. Retrieved on September 20, 2005 from http://www.usatoday.com/news/opinion/2002/01/25/ncguest1.htm

Panasonic and Japan’s Changing Culture

Case #2; Panasonic and Japan’s Changing Culture 1. Some of the drivers of the cultural changes in the 1990’s with Panasonic were that Japan’s generation of workers, starting with the generation born in the 1960’s, did not wholly believe in being a â€Å"salaryman† and working for a company from when they start until when they retire. After many years, in the 1990’s Japan entered an economic slump that lasted the majority of the 1990’s.Only a few companies at first started to lay off employees and go back on their promises of employment until retirement because the older their workers, although they worked hard, also were less efficient than younger workers were. As the younger generations saw this happening they concluded that loyalty to both the company and workers would not be reciprocated anymore and became less harder working than previous. This undermined the traditional culture in Japan of the central bargains of housing and reti rement packages for an employees hard work and loyalty. 2.Japan’s businesses in the future have to operate with more than one plan when they hire workers to effectively. In 1999 Panasonic gave recruits three different choices when they were signed on in employment. They could continue with being given housing, go free to company social events, and buy cheaper services from banks, while also receiving a two year salary bonus when they retired. They could choose to forgo the retirement bonus, while keeping the company housing and be given a higher salary, or they could forgo the retirement bonus and any subsidized services but would be given an even higher salary.In addition to the changes in hiring, companies needed employees to be more risk taking and needed to encourage individuality which is something that was not very prevalent in Japan. Without employees taking risks, companies would suffer and that is what happened to Panasonic as they were forced to close thirty factori es, and cut 13,000 jobs while selling â€Å"huge amounts of assets†. 3. Japanese culture in the 1950’s-1980’s benefited Panasonic greatly because of how after the World War II defeat, Japan was humiliated and it seemed fair that they would be taken care of if they worked hard for their company.For Panasonic this was a great thing because employees worked extremely hard for the greater good of Panasonic and Panasonic responded by giving the employees â€Å"blessings† of company housing, and free social events. 4. With Panasonic cutting 15,000 employees and closing another additional 27 plants, Panasonic is trying to achieve a lower overhead cost in operation and also is trying to find out who their best workers are so that they are not kept down when they should be promoted.By quickly responding to the recession, it showed a change in Panasonic’s company policies and shows that they might be moving even further away from company subsidized housing a nd to make employees become harder workers not because they know that they cannot be fired, but that they can be fired, at any time. If Panasonic implements these changes quickly, they will receive a lot of backlash from all those displaced employees and if they did it like this it would truly symbolize how Panasonic has changed into a company that is becoming westernized and is only concerned with how the company does and not their employees.If the changes take years to implement, although it would greatly affect the profitability of the company, it would give employees chances to adapt to changes of no longer being employed and give them chances to be hired in another company. By making changes slowly, Panasonic would be able to claim that it still wished to use the old way of never cutting jobs but it could not do it in this economy and had to do so to survive. 5.The Panasonic case teaches me that there is a fine line between societal culture and business success and sometimes yo u have to be able to choose between the two to realize which is more important to you. To some companies, such as Panasonic, trying hard to keep with the societal culture becomes too much of a strain for a company to bear so they are forced to adapt and realize that business success is more important that having all your workers love you. It may not be the type of business practice that gives you the best reputation but it will give you the greatest profit margins.

Free Essays on Effectiveness Of Drug Testing In The Workplace

The Effectiveness of Drug Testing In The Work Place Drug testing at work is the single and most effective weapon we have against drug abuse. The goals of drug testing would include: Improvement in productivity A more safe work environment A decrease in absenteeism According to the American Council for Drug Education, substance abusers incur 300% higher medical costs than non-using employers do, and 25% of substance abusers steal from their employer. Also drug abusers are 33% less productive. Drug testing is required among public sector workers, such as police, firefighters, and other federal workers. In the private sector, airline pilots, bus drivers, train engineers, and others hold the lives of many people in their hands. Drug related accidents also encourage people to accept drug testing. More and more corporations require drug tests of their employees for safety reasons. When the State of Ohio introduced drug testing, they found absenteeism dropped 91%; there were 88% fewer problems with supervisors and 97% decease in on-the-job injuries. The most effective programs are those where the work force approves a humane, compassionate, and anti-drug policy. Many corporations have treatment programs for their employees in the case that they test positive for drug use. By treating these workers, employees not only promote a drug free environment, but also act to change situations of individuals. On thing is clear; drug testing will continue to spread fast regardless of government support, as the most practical and cost effective way to strengthen existing drug policies at work.... Free Essays on Effectiveness Of Drug Testing In The Workplace Free Essays on Effectiveness Of Drug Testing In The Workplace The Effectiveness of Drug Testing In The Work Place Drug testing at work is the single and most effective weapon we have against drug abuse. The goals of drug testing would include: Improvement in productivity A more safe work environment A decrease in absenteeism According to the American Council for Drug Education, substance abusers incur 300% higher medical costs than non-using employers do, and 25% of substance abusers steal from their employer. Also drug abusers are 33% less productive. Drug testing is required among public sector workers, such as police, firefighters, and other federal workers. In the private sector, airline pilots, bus drivers, train engineers, and others hold the lives of many people in their hands. Drug related accidents also encourage people to accept drug testing. More and more corporations require drug tests of their employees for safety reasons. When the State of Ohio introduced drug testing, they found absenteeism dropped 91%; there were 88% fewer problems with supervisors and 97% decease in on-the-job injuries. The most effective programs are those where the work force approves a humane, compassionate, and anti-drug policy. Many corporations have treatment programs for their employees in the case that they test positive for drug use. By treating these workers, employees not only promote a drug free environment, but also act to change situations of individuals. On thing is clear; drug testing will continue to spread fast regardless of government support, as the most practical and cost effective way to strengthen existing drug policies at work....